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Published: 23, March 2015

Ad hoc network, for the communication process wired and wireless methods are applied nowadays. Wireless mechanism is a most popular communication in this century. There are many protocol is working in the wireless networks. Reactive and proactive protocol are the important methods are applied in the wireless networks, in reactive protocol method has two important protocol called AODV and DSR, Such as proactive protocol has OLSR. Reactive protocol, if there is no link between the nodes, the reactive protocol makes connection between the nodes for exchange information. Proactive protocol which makes connection between networks nodes regularly for exchange information.

This thesis is examining about reactive (AODV and DSR) and proactive protocols (OLSR) analysis in the wireless networks.

For the comparison result will be implementing in the opnet modular 14.5.the performance of the routing protocols will be examined by to metrics delay and throughput. Three routing protocols described through a different methods and different trajectories. The protocol evaluation study will be observed and conclusion will be presented, explaining which protocol method is the best for mobile ad hoc networks. Dynamic and the reliable protocols are very important for the ad hoc networks and it does not have base station. And the network topologies vary regularly.

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Wireless network is essential is important nowadays because of wireless devices improvement is increasing and it performs the best in higher data rate.ad hoc and infrastructure are the two types of mode in wireless network. In the ad hoc network every single node play as a router. So that it can easily maintain the route between the nodes. In the infrastructure mode there will be access point between wirelesses network and wired network through the access point. MANET is nothing but Mobile Adhoc Network that means every single node can make establish the connection and communicate with other nodes. Here the radio waves only the intermediate between the mobile nodes which carries the signal (Packets) between the mobile nodes.

This wireless structure easily can make in anywhere. In the wireless structure many different protocol are performing operation this thesis shows some of protocol operation and best protocol operation in wireless network. This thesis describes about three important protocols AODV,DSR and OLSR. This AODV is comes under and the reactive or on demand method. And it uses a bi-directional links and this maintenance the active route. And also this provides unicast and multicast relation between the nodes. In the AODV method there is sequence number to find the destination node and most recent path. There is low delay when connection establishes.DSR (Dynamic Routing Protocol) this protocol is like AODV. This method is comes under on-demand method. It uses a routing table in between the nodes. By using this routing table easily the source node will find the destination node. This routing table has the details about the destination node. Shortest path is also find by using this routing table. OLSR (Optimized link state routing protocol) this protocol works under the link state algorithm and this protocol comes under the proactive. This protocol is used to exchange the information between the nodes. It is updating the topological information in every single node. And it has a multipoint relays (MPRs) which is used to reduce the duplicate retransmission when flooding occur. This OSLR protocol which uses shortest path algorithm. This algorithm which is used to find the shortest route for destination. In the wireless network on-demand protocols are performs well when compared to table driven protocols. AODV protocol has important characteristic like sending hello messages to work the route perfect. It has very low delay.

Research different protocols in wireless network such as on-demand and table-driven

Best protocol for wireless network.

Discuss routing protocols in wireless network.

Review the characteristic different between the on-demand and table driven protocols

Propose AODV process in wireless network.

Analyze AODV in wireless network.

Implement the protocol result in opnet tool and shows the best protocol in wireless network

1.3 Research problems

In the wireless networks routing protocols are performing in a different ways. AODV performs three important mechanisms in wireless network which increase the speed of the network and it find the lower cost route. AODV has hello message method which is used to find the broken link and also which is used to find new nodes. This protocol is also called as on-demand protocol. Which perform well in wireless network.

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In DSR, route discovery and maintenance which is used to find the route in the network and it will maintain the route properly to transmit.Which is also called as on-demand or proactive protocol.

In OLSR, it has topological information about each node. And it uses the shortest path algorithm. This is also called as proactive or table driven protocol.

This is thesis focus on researching about best protocol in wireless network. Wireless network has different protocol like AODV, DSR and OLSR. This is based on the analysing the protocol performance and the mechanism. AODV has different characteristics that are going to be analysing here.

1.4 Research methods.

The solution of the AODV performance will be implementing in the opnet. This performance is based on the analysing all the results of the routing protocol.

Structure of the report

Chapter1: Introduction: Aim and Objectives, researching problems in routing protocols.

over view of the protocol.

Chapter2: Types of protocols in the table driven and on-demand protocol in the wireless network, comparison between on-demand and table driven protocols.

Chapter3: Review about the AODV protocol characteristics and techniques.

Reactive and Proactive protocols in MANET

MANET is nothing but mobile ad hoc network. nowadays cellular,satellite and wireless fidelity are most important for exchange information. This is the methods is used in wireless technology for best communication. There is a special meaning in latin for this. Early Ad-hoc network only designed for the military application. Early 1990’s this method will combined with the wireless LAN and Bluetooth. 1997 internet engineering group launched MANET with the routing protocols. They implement routing protocols because to improve the data rate and theefficiency. At present there are more than fifty protocols are implemented in the wireless environment.

This is the structure of the ad hoc mobile networks.

Ad hoc characteristic, it offers the multi-hop communication. This is challenging for the wireless network. There is no master and the slave in this structure.Because each node act as router. When the packet travel between the nodes each nodes act as a router to forward the packets. Here reactive and the proactive protocols performs good operation in the mobile ad hoc network for the best operation.when compare to the proactive protocol, reactive protocol performs the best operation in wireless.

Charaterstic of AODV protocol

It does not have any central administrative for controlling forwarding packets.

This protocol is mainly reduce traffic in the network.

AODV reduces the traffic and increase the latency and find the new route for packets.

Hello messages are support for route.

Characteristic for DSR

It has machnisam called packet salvaging.

Through the CRC it can easily find the corrupted messages.

Route discovery and route maintain are the basic mechanisms for the DSR protocol.

It does not need a hello messages .

Characteristic of OLSR

Multipoint relays are important in the OLSR.

When the flood occur this protocol,MPR reduce the retransmission.

Reduce the duplicate retransimission.

Routing protocols for Mobile Ad hoc network