• Chinmaya Keshari Sahoo a. . ,
• Nalini Kanta Sahoo b ,
• Surepalli Ram Mohan Rao c ,
• Muvvala Sudhakar d ,
• Kokkula Satyanarayana e

• a Department of Pharmaceutics, Osmania College College of Technology, Osmania College, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
• b MNR College of Pharmacy, Fasalwadi, Sangareddy, Medak, Telangana 502294, India
• c Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Osmania College College of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
• d Department of Pharmaceutics, Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Maisammaguda, Secunderabad, Telangana 500014, India
• e Department of Pharmacognosy, Princeton College of Pharmacy, Korremula, Ghatkesar, R.R. District, Telangana 500088, India

Received 17 May 2015, Recognized 18 October 2015, Available online 3 November 2015

Abstract

Conventional drug delivery system offers an immediate relieve drug which doesn’t control the discharge within the drug and doesn’t maintain effective concentration at target site significantly longer of energy. Hence to prevent the shortcomings there’s advancement of various controlled drug delivery systems. Of individuals osmotic drug delivery system (ODDS) utilizes the key factor of osmotic pressure and delivers drug dose in a enhanced manner to keep drug concentration inside the therapeutic window and minimizes toxic effects. ODDS releases drug in the controlled rate that’s furthermore for the pH and thermodynamics of dissolution medium. The discharge of drug from ODDS follows zero order kinetics. The discharge of drug from osmotic system depends upon various formulation factors for example solubility, osmotic pressure within the core components, size the delivery hole and nature within the rate controlling membrane.

Controlled porosity osmotic pump (CPOP) contains drug, osmogens, excipients in core along with a coating of semipermeable membrane with water soluble additives. In CPOP water soluble additives dissolve after pressing water, leading to an in situ formation in the microporous membrane. The current study supplies a concept about osmosis, CPOP, areas of CPOP that is evaluation.

Keywords

• Osmotic drug delivery system
• Osmosis
• CPOP
• Microporous
• Zero order

1. Introduction

Dental route 1 could be a convenient route for the administration of countless drugs due to affordable and straightforward administration for that patients. But conventional drug delivery system doesn’t control the discharge of drug and will be offering immediate relieve drug. The speed and extent of drug absorption from conventional formulations change considerably based on factors for example physicochemical characteristics within the drug, info on excipients, physiological factors for example presence or inadequate food, pH of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, GI motility 2 and so forth. To overcome these shortcomings study has focused on the introduction of novel drug delivery system 3 (NDDS). Among various NDDS designed for purchase per dental controlled release system provides improved patient compliance, convenience and lower in fluctuation within the steady condition plasma level. 5 In Controlled drug delivery system (CDDS) prone to better use of drug optimizing decrease in volume of dose and delivers short biological half info on medication. 4 CDDS offers temporal and spatial control of the discharge of drug.

But osmotic drug delivery system (ODDS) is most likely the innovative drug delivery systems which utilizes osmotic pressure as being a driving pressure for controlled delivery of drugs. The discharge of drug from osmotic technique is outdoors of presence and inadequate food, pH of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, GI motility and hydrodynamic conditions of body because of rate controlling semi permeable membrane. 5 In ODDS the drug dose and dosing interval are enhanced to keep drug concentration inside the therapeutic window. ODDS offers the drug at predetermined zero order rate for almost any prolonged period of time. It is therefore utilized since the conventional dosage form for constant drug delivery. ODDS provides a uniform power drug to begin of absorption and so after absorption enables repair of plasma concentration within therapeutic range which minimizes undesirable effects and cuts lower round the frequency of administration. 6 When an osmotic system touches water, water diffuses towards the core while using micro porous membrane creating an osmotic gradient and so managing the relieve the drug. Osmotic pressure produced because of imbibitions of fluid from exterior atmosphere towards the dosage form regulates the delivery of drug from osmotic devices. 7 Osmotic pressure may be the pressure put on the greater concentrated solution side to avoid transport 8 water inside the semi permeable membrane. The speed of drug delivery from osmotic technique is directly proportional for that osmotic pressure developed because of imbibitions of fluids by osmogen. The Odds has full of vitro-in vivo correlation. Hence osmotic drug delivery strategy is best and broadly acceptable of other techniques. 9 The next review focuses on controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets of osmotic drug delivery systems.

2. Osmotic drug delivery devices

According to osmotic drug delivery devices [10] &#xA0and&#xA0[11] design along with the condition useful osmotic drug delivery system may be classified towards the following groups (see Table 1 ).